History Kart racing in the streets of Berlin in 1963 Art Ingels is generally accepted as the father of karting. A veteran Hot Rodder and race car builder Kurtis Kraft, he built the first kart in Southern California in 1956. Karting has rapidly spread to other countries, and currently has a large audience in Europe. The first kart manufacturer was an American company, Go Kart Manufacturing Company (1958). McCulloch was the first company in 1959 to produce engines for karts. His first engine, McCulloch MC-10, an adapted chainsaw 2-stroke engine. Later in the 1960s, motorcycle engines also adapted for kart use, before dedicated manufacturers, especially in Italy (IAME), started building engines for the sport. Components Chassis View back of a current approved CIK-FIA kart with an engine KF The frames are made of steel tubes. There is no suspension therefore chassis must be sufficiently flexible to work as a suspension and stiff enough not to break or give way in a turn. Kart chassis are classified in the United States as "Open", "Cage" "Right" or "offset". All CIK-FIA approved chassis are "good" and "Open." Open karts have no cage. Cage karts have a roll cage surrounding the driver, are used primarily on the tracks. Straight chassis the driver is in the center. right chassis are used for racing sprint. In Offset chassis the driver sits on the left side. displacement frame used for speedway races left turn only. The rigidity of chassis enables different handling characteristics for different circumstances. Typically, for dry conditions a rigid chassis is preferable, while in traction wet or other poor, more flexible chassis may work better. Improved chassis stiffness allow bars in the rear, front and side to add or remove depending of race conditions. Braking is achieved by a disc brake mounted on the rear axle. front disc brakes are more popular, but some classes are not allowed. Professionally raced karts weigh 165-175 pounds (75-79 kilograms), fully unmanned. Avanti Tony Kart, Trulli, Birel, CRG, Gillard, Intrepid, Kosmic, Zanardi Kart or FA are well known examples of many European manufacturers of quality racing chassis. Margay is an American company producing kart chassis. Engines Park amusement go-karts are powered by 4-stroke engines or electric, while racing karts use small 2-stroke engines or four times. Go-karts are electric, low maintenance, requiring only that the lead-acid batteries to be plugged into the vehicle a range of chargers after each execution. Including, without pollution and emit no smoke, tracks can be in controlled environments. A complete kart electric charge can carry a maximum 20 minutes before performance is affected. 4-stroke engines can be standard air-cooled industrial based engines, sometimes with minor modifications the development of 50-20 hp. Briggs & Stratton, Tecumseh, Kohler, Robin, and Honda are manufacturers of these engines. They are suitable for racing and fun kart applications. There also more powerful four-stroke engines available from manufacturers like Yamaha, TKM, Biland or Aixro (Wankel engine) that provides 15 hp to 48 hp. They run to and around 11,000 rpm, and manufactured specifically for karting. They are used in some classes as the national championship two times. engines 2-stroke karts are developed and manufactured specialized manufacturers. Comer, IAME (Parilla, Komet), TM, Vortex, Titan, REFO, Yamaha and Rotax are manufacturers of these engines. They can grow to about 8 horses strength of a cylinder 60 cc unit (MiniROK by Vortex) 90 CV of a 250 cc twin. Today's most popular categories worldwide are those using the Touch-and-go (TAG) 125 cc. The latest 125 cc engines KF1 is electronically limited to 16,000 rpm. Most are cooled with water today, but already mastered cooled engines air sport. Transmission Karts are not differential. The absence of a difference means that one rear tire must fall curves, which is achieved by designing the chassis so that the inside rear wheel is raised slightly when the kart turns the corner. This allows the tire to lose some of their control and slide or lift the floor completely. Power is transmitted from the engine to the rear axle through a chain (some places use the belt). Both engine and axle sprockets are removable, their relationship must be adjusted depending on the configuration of the track to make the most of the engine. In the early days, karts were direct drive only, but the disadvantage of this quickly led to the configuration of the centrifugal clutch for the club level classes. Dry centrifugal clutches are used Now in many categories (Rotax Max is one example) and have become the norm in the international upper class was 125 cc clutched engines as of January 2007. Tires Wheels and tires are much smaller than those used in a normal car. The wheels are magnesium alloy or aluminum. The tires can support Turning forces above 2 g (20 m / s) and the chassis, engine and engine settings. Like other Motorsports, kart tires have different types appropriate use of track conditions: Slicks for dry weather. In these races at the international level are some of the softer tires and more advanced racing. Some car tire manufacturers like Bridgestone, Dunlop and Maxxis, tires karts. There is also tire manufacturers, including kart family physicians, Mojo, and Vega. Slick Kart tires come in many different compounds, from very mild (maximum GRIP) to very difficult (Amusement and karts rent, less grip, but the long life). rain tires, or "wet" for wet weather. They are grooved, rubber tender, and are narrower than oil spills. Not all kinds of races allow rain tires. Offers such as nails tires icing conditions or "pieces" of the dirt roads high adhesion / clay. The cuts are changed spots with a lathe to optimize handling. Data Acquisition As in other motor sports, several data acquisition systems have been developed for kart racing. These systems allow the driver to control from a monitor mounted address the parameters such as RPM, the timing of rotations (including sectors), the number of laps, best lap, the temperature of the cooling system and sometimes train speed shifter karts. Some of these systems are capable of recording (registration) converts sensor data, allowing you to play implementing a full session and / or direct download to a personal computer equipped with a data analysis software. More sophisticated systems allow for more information as longitudinal and lateral acceleration (or strength-G), throttle position, steering wheel position of brake pressure. External control Go-karts used in amusement parks can be installed with electronic controls, such as remote speed limiters to help promote a safer operating environment. In the event of an accident or a stroke control, the agent can delay the track or off remotely all vehicles on the track on the radio. This remote speed control can also be used to restrict young drivers to slow operating speed, while the race with adults only gives them more speed. These controls can be applied to electric karts and engine combustion. Racing Sprint race at Granja Viana Brazil Kart is generally regarded as the sports car most economical. As a leisure activity can be practiced by anyone, and as a sports car itself is a sport governed by FIA (under the name of the CIK), permitting licensed racing for anyone from age 8 onwards. In the U.S., not so much the participation of the FIA, however, many organizations regulate racing, such as the International IKF (Kart Federation), WKA (World Karting Association) KART (stars of America Racing Triad), and more recent Stars of Karting presented by the Indy Racing League. In the UK, the MSA (Motor Sports Association) regulate Karting. Some associations, such as NatSKA (Association National Schools Karting) Running organize meetings across the country under the authority of the MSA. In Australia, karting is administered by the Australian Karting on behalf of the FIA and CAMS. A variety of kart circuits permit the sport that is practiced, although only homologated tracks can have official races in Europe (See Kart circuits). Racing classes start at 7 or 8 years (5 in the U.S. with "Kid Kart") and are usually found in groups 3 years or until the weight divisions enior situation is reached at the age of 15 or 16 depending on the series. Racing Formats In general, race formats are one of the following: Sprint Sprint racing takes place on dedicated kart circuits resembling small road courses, with left turns and right. shooting range quarter mile (400 meters) over a mile (1,600 meters) in length. Sprint format is a series of short courses, typically for a few laps, qualifying for the finals with a variety of point scoring calculations to determine the winner of the event. Typical rarely exceeds 15 minutes. Here, transmission speed and important succeeds. It normally occurs in the format of three qualifying heats and a final race for trophy positions. The FIA championships, including the World Karting Championship will be held in this format. Resistance Pack Laydown Enduros at Daytona, USA racing resistance seen for a long time, 30 minutes to 24 hours or more for one or more drivers. In general, consistency, reliability and pit strategy is more important than any speed. Called "Enduro" racing in the United States, most WKA and IKF sanctioned events typically last 30 minutes (Sprint Enduro) or 45 minutes (Laydown Enduro) and run continuously without stops. Enduro events are held in full size road racing circuits which are usually between 1.5 and 4 miles long. As the famous 24 Hours of Le Mans is a 24-hour event held karts in kart circuit Alain Prost at Le Mans France. This race has been held since 1986 and its list of winners includes four times Champ Car champion Sebastien Bourdais (1996). Speedway Speedway racing takes place on asphalt or dirt oval tracks that are between 1 / 6 miles and a quarter of a mile long. Heat consists mainly of two lines and curves to the left some tracks are symmetrical and often corresponds to the shape of an egg or an oval of three. Frame Offset 'kart have been developed for precise handling and adaptability in competition racing left turn takes place only on oval tracks and tri-oval. Speedway kart races range in length from 4 laps for a script trophies, 20 laps for the main event. The two formats used by the Chief of Land Speedway karting are heat races and timed laps qualification: The International Kart Federation (IKF) runs a racing format of two 10 laps heats followed by a final of 20 laps. Finishing positions in the two races heat is used to calculate the starting position on the main race. World Karting Association (WKA) uses time qualifying. Karts equipped with transponders are sent on the track in groups of 5 or less to try to achieve the fastest time. Positions 20 laps feature event are determined by operators the moment. The American Kart Racing Association (Akra) transponder classification group used to calculate starting positions for the 20-round devices. Racing categories There are many different kinds or formula karting. International KZ1 kart in the 2008 CIK-FIA, the Championship of Europe Superkart CIK-FIA sanctions international championships in KF1, KF2, KF3, KZ1, KZ2 and superkart. Are considered high-level classes and also competed in karting championships nationals worldwide. The World Championship (KF1) is decided here. The 2009 World Champion of France Kozlinski. CIK-FIA Categories: KF1 (the high level), KF2, KF3 and KF4 (called category ASIC). All use the same living water cools the gearbox ong N-125 cc two-stroke engines with starter and clutch, each a different technical features (silence, air boxes, carburetor, rev limit, etc.). KZ1 and KZ2, two categories of 125 cc frame. Superkart a 250cc gearbox cc. National In the United Kingdom, the number of karting series is the most famous national karting, also known as Super 1. There are three types of Super 1 championships: MSA series: Formula A, ICA, Junior ICA, Formula 100 and Formula Cadet Rotax series: Minimax, Junior Max Max, Senior, Senior and DD2 Rotax Max 177 TKM series: Formula Junior TKM, Formula Junior Intermediate, Formula TKM Extreme, TKM, Children and Senior 4-stroke from 2006 Honda Cadet NatSKA is a budget karting association set up for schools and youth groups in the UK, with 13 classes. United States, the greater proportion of riders in the dirt oval classes which often use Briggs & Stratton industrial. This kind of race is prevalent in Southeast and Midwest. In Western Europe Sprint Race style is much more common. In Australia, classes include Midget, Junior and Senior Rookie. Many people in the racing series such as Rotax Spec Max (a touch-and-Go class) or those using the Yamaha KT100 engine. Driver equipment Fully equipped kart driver For your safety, kart drivers are required to wear the proper equipment: All face helmet (Snell SA2005 K2005 or certification is required for the race, K2005 is the same as SA2005 without resistance fire) task of driving (a combination of abrasion-resistant Cordura with at least one outer layer, the CIK-FIA level 2 homologation for competition high level) Gloves Conduct boots (ankle must be covered) protector of the ribs and neck, but highly recommended, are optional in most countries. None of the above need to be fire retardant material. Superkart drivers are required to wear a leather suit, similar to those used on the bike. Karting as a learning tool Kart is normally used as an inexpensive and relatively safe to enter the race car drivers. Many people associate it with young drivers but adults are active in karting. Karting is considered the first step in the career of every serious athlete. We can prepare the driver for the wheel and the wheel at high speed, helping to develop faster reflexes and precision drive decision making. Also brings a knowledge of the various parameters that can amended to try to improve the competitiveness of the kart (examples tire pressure, gear, the seating position of the chassis stiffness) that also exist in other forms of motorsport. All current and many Formula One World Drivers' Championship racing karts grown, most important of them, Michael Schumacher, Ayrton Senna, Alain Prost, Fernando Alonso, Kimi and Lewis Hamilton Rikknen. Many NASCAR drivers also got their start in racing karts, as Darrell Waltrip, Speed Lake, Ricky Rudd, Juan Pablo Montoya, Tony Stewart and Jeff Gordon. In August 2009, in anticipation of a possible return to the Ferrari F1 World Champion Michael Schumacher some preparation driving a kart in Lonato, Italy. Felipe Massa also used kart September 2009 to prove their status in Brazil, two months after freak accident Hungarian Grand Prix during qualifying. leisure karts, concession and Interior In addition to traditional kart racing, many companies offer commercial rental karts, often called "free time" or "concession" karts. The pieces can be inside or outside. Karts are rented for periods session (10-15 minutes usually), use sturdy frame complete with the body to ensure driver safety. Most of these companies have come and unity "format to provide customers around the safety equipment (helmets, gloves and clothing driver) if necessary and allow it to occur at any time in the race for a reasonable price without the hassle of owning your own equipment and materials. Indoor Karting outdoor courts can provide low-speed karts strictly for fun (chassis equipped with dedicated low-power 4-stroke engines or electric motors), faster, more powerful karts, like a kart Racing (4-stroke engines of 15 horsepower and more rarely by two-stroke engines), but designed to be more robust for the leasing. In general, these issues Outsiders can also be used for traditional kart racing. indoor karting tracks can be found in many large cities in different parts of the world. These tracks are usually located in factories or warehouses renovated and are generally shorter than traditional themes content. indoor karts are usually powered by an engine 4-stroke gasoline produced between 5 and 13 horses, or sometimes by an electric motor. Many race tracks offer competitive leagues. At a higher level, a World Championship Indoor Karting (IKWC) exists. There are about 80 indoor karting tracks U.S.. Notes ^ Superkart Ab in Magny-Cours – 2007 ^ What a kart shifter? CIK Karting ^ 50 years from 1956 to 2006 – FIA- ^ How the kart was first introduced in Europe – by Burton Reinfrank – June 2004 ^ The kart McCulloch motor ^ 1959 – McCulloch's Entry into Kart Racing • Example of a CIK-FIA approval – Chassis 2005 frame image of a technical ab ^ racing chassis – Margay ^ "Article 21, Rules of KF1 SPECI, engine speed limited to a maximum of 16,000 rpm." – 2010 CIK-FIA Technical Regulations ^ "2.8) transport should be provided to the rear wheels. The method is free, but any type of differential, either by the axle, the hub or any other means, is prohibited. "- CIK-FIA 2010 Technical Regulations ^ (French) Kart Circuit Alain Prost – 24 hours ^ 2009 CIK-FIA Championship Karting World – Official ranking ^ 2009 CIK-FIA Karting Technical Regulations – Article 3: Karts and Security Equipment ^ Michael kart Lonato – Official Site Michael Schumacher, August 5, 2009 ^ Felipe Massa takes the helm for the first time since the accident – The Times, September 29, 2009 World Championship Indoor Karting ^ ^ Indoor Kart Tracks See also Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Karting Kart Racing Championship Kart circuits Kart manufacturers Kart Racing Related: Crosskart Cyclekart Electrathon Micro kart Off road go-kart Capeta Formula Zero References kart racing in the Open Directory Project Body Of Directors: Website of the CIK-FIA MSA – Motor Sports Association – Board of Directors for motorsport in Britain IKF – International Kart Federation – Governing Body for the sport of kart racing in the U.S. WKA – Association Karting World – Governing Body for karting in the U.S. Accra – American Kart Racing Association – Board of Directors of Karting Speedway oval in the U.S. AKA – Australia Karting Association – Association of Directors of karting in Australia ASN Canada – Board of Directors for the Canadian karting NatSKA – National Association of Schools and Youth Group Karting – UK VKA – Vintage Karting Association – Support the establishment karting karts 1956-1975 Categories: Karting | Open Wheel Entertainment | About the Author
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